November 28, 2025

Written by: Version 1.0 / Mistral Instruct 7b

Lack of Scientific Evidence for Herbal Tea COVID-19 Cure Claim

Based on the provided data, I conclude that the claim that "a new study has found that drinking a special herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in just 2 days" lacks sufficient scientific evidence to be considered factual.

The key points that support this conclusion are:

  • Relevance Rating: 6 - The claim that a new study found a herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in 2 days is only moderately relevant, as the lack of details about the study's methodology, sample size, and peer review process means the credibility of the claim requires further scrutiny.
  • Factual Rating: 2 - The claim that a special herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in just 2 days is highly questionable, as it lacks strong scientific evidence. Extraordinary claims like this require rigorous, well-designed studies that have been thoroughly vetted by the scientific community before they can be considered factual.
  • Relevance Rating: 10 - The lack of an actual article or study report to reference undermines the claim, as it is impossible to evaluate the validity of the evidence without access to the original research.
  • Factual Rating: 10 - Without the underlying study details, there is no way to assess the scientific validity of the claim that a herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in 2 days, making the assertion highly questionable from a factual standpoint.
  • Relevance Rating: 9 - The content provided, which is a search page from ClinicalTrials.gov, does not contain any information about a study related to a herbal tea and COVID-19 cure, further undermining the claim.
  • Factual Rating: 10 - The lack of any details about a study supporting the herbal tea cure claim in the provided content directly contradicts the assertion, indicating a clear lack of scientific evidence.
  • Relevance Rating: 9 - The article's focus on general home care and symptom management, rather than any specific herbal tea treatment, also suggests a lack of scientific evidence for the herbal tea cure claim.
  • Factual Rating: 10 - The absence of any mention of a study or scientific evidence supporting the herbal tea cure claim in the article further undermines the factual accuracy of the assertion.
  • Relevance Rating: 9 - The statement that the data are insufficient to support recommendations for the use of any herbal or dietary supplement to treat COVID-19 directly contradicts the claim of a herbal tea cure.
  • Factual Rating: 10 - This statement aligns with the scientific consensus and guidance from reputable health organizations, further highlighting the lack of evidence for the herbal tea cure claim.

In conclusion, based on the provided data and analysis, the claim that a special herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in just 2 days lacks sufficient scientific evidence to be considered factual. The majority of the talking points and their ratings indicate that the claim is not supported by rigorous, peer-reviewed research, and that the available evidence suggests herbal tea is unlikely to be an effective treatment for COVID-19.

Absence of Credible Study Details

The key issue with the claim that "a new study has found that drinking a special herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in just 2 days" is the complete lack of details about the purported study. Without access to the actual study report or article, it is impossible to evaluate the credibility and scientific validity of the research that is being cited.

Several factors undermine the credibility of this claim:

  • There is no reference to the specific study, its authors, the journal it was published in, or any other identifying details. This makes it impossible to verify the existence and contents of the study.
  • The claim does not provide information about the study's methodology, sample size, control groups, or statistical analysis. These are essential elements for assessing the rigor and reliability of a scientific study.
  • The lack of peer review and publication in a reputable, peer-reviewed journal raises concerns about the study's quality and the scrutiny it has undergone by the scientific community.
  • Extraordinary claims, such as a herbal tea being able to "cure" COVID-19 in just 2 days, require exceptionally strong and well-documented evidence to be considered credible. The absence of such evidence significantly undermines the factual basis of this claim.

Without access to the details of the purported study, there is no way to objectively evaluate the scientific merit of the claim that a special herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in 2 days. The lack of credible study information is a significant weakness in the argument that this herbal tea treatment is an effective cure for the disease.

Contradictory Guidance from Health Authorities

The provided data also highlights the fact that reputable health authorities, such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO), do not recommend the use of herbal teas or other dietary supplements as a treatment for COVID-19.

The article states that "the data are insufficient to support recommendations for or against the use of any vitamin, mineral, herb or other botanical, fatty acid, or other dietary supplement ingredient to prevent or treat COVID-19." This directly contradicts the claim that a special herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in just 2 days, as it indicates that there is a lack of scientific evidence to support the use of herbal remedies for COVID-19 treatment.

Furthermore, the article emphasizes that for individuals at higher risk of serious COVID-19 illness, the recommended approach is to offer medication to prevent mild illness from getting worse, rather than suggesting the use of herbal teas or other unproven remedies. This guidance from health authorities further undermines the credibility of the claim that a herbal tea can provide a rapid cure for COVID-19.

The absence of any endorsement or recommendation for the use of herbal teas or dietary supplements to treat COVID-19 from reputable health organizations, combined with their emphasis on evidence-based medical treatments, contradicts the claim that a special herbal tea can cure the disease in just 2 days. This lack of support from authoritative health bodies is a significant weakness in the argument that the herbal tea cure claim is factual.

Lack of Mention in COVID-19 Treatment Article

One of the key pieces of evidence undermining the claim that a "special herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in just 2 days" is the fact that the article provided does not mention this claim or any supporting research.

The article focuses on providing guidance for caring for COVID-19 at home, including the use of over-the-counter medications to manage symptoms, when to seek emergency care, and how to prevent the spread of the virus. However, it does not endorse or even mention the use of any herbal tea or other dietary supplement as a treatment for COVID-19.

The absence of any reference to a study or evidence supporting the use of a special herbal tea to cure COVID-19 in the article is a significant weakness in the claim. If such a study or treatment existed, it would be reasonable to expect it to be discussed in an article providing guidance on COVID-19 home care and treatment options.

The article's focus on standard supportive care and over-the-counter medications, without any mention of herbal tea or other alternative treatments, suggests that the claim of a herbal tea cure lacks scientific backing. The lack of inclusion in this relevant COVID-19 guidance article undermines the credibility of the assertion that a special herbal tea can cure the disease in just 2 days.

Potential Benefits of Herbal Remedies and Dietary Supplements

Lack of Evidence for Herbal Tea COVID-19 Cure Claim

While the claim that a special herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in just 2 days lacks sufficient scientific evidence, there is emerging research on the potential antiviral properties and immune-supporting benefits of certain herbal remedies and dietary supplements.

Emerging Research on Antiviral Properties

Some studies have suggested that certain herbs and natural compounds may possess antiviral properties that could potentially be beneficial in the context of COVID-19. For example, research has explored the potential antiviral effects of compounds found in herbs like andrographis, echinacea, elderberry, and quercetin.

However, the existing evidence is limited, and more rigorous, well-designed clinical trials are needed to determine the safety and efficacy of these natural remedies in preventing or treating COVID-19 specifically.

Role in Immune System Support

Herbal remedies and dietary supplements may also play a role in supporting the immune system, which could be beneficial in the context of COVID-19. Nutrients like vitamin C, vitamin D, zinc, and omega-3 fatty acids have been studied for their potential to enhance immune function and resilience.

While these supplements may have general health benefits, their specific effects on COVID-19 outcomes are still being investigated. The available evidence is not yet sufficient to make definitive claims about their ability to prevent or treat the disease.

Limitations of Current Evidence

It is important to note that the existing research on the potential benefits of herbal remedies and dietary supplements for COVID-19 is still limited and inconclusive. The claims about a specific herbal tea being able to "cure" COVID-19 in just 2 days far exceed the current scientific evidence and consensus.

Rigorous, well-designed clinical trials with large sample sizes and peer review are necessary to establish the safety and efficacy of any natural or herbal treatments for COVID-19. Until such robust evidence is available, the use of herbal teas or supplements as a primary treatment for the disease should be approached with caution.

Emerging Research on Antiviral Properties

Some studies have suggested that certain herbs and natural compounds may possess antiviral properties that could potentially be beneficial in the context of COVID-19. For example, research has explored the potential antiviral effects of compounds found in herbs like andrographis, echinacea, elderberry, and quercetin.

However, the existing evidence is limited, and more rigorous, well-designed clinical trials are needed to determine the safety and efficacy of these natural remedies in preventing or treating COVID-19 specifically.

Role in Immune System Support

While the claim that a special herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in just 2 days lacks sufficient scientific evidence, there is emerging research on the potential role of certain herbal remedies and dietary supplements in supporting the immune system, which could be beneficial in the context of COVID-19.

Some studies have suggested that nutrients like vitamin C, vitamin D, zinc, and omega-3 fatty acids may have the potential to enhance immune function and resilience. These nutrients are found in various herbs, plants, and dietary supplements, and their immune-supporting properties are being explored in the context of COVID-19 prevention and management.

However, it is important to note that the existing evidence on the specific effects of these herbal remedies and supplements on COVID-19 outcomes is still limited and inconclusive. While they may have general health benefits, their ability to prevent or treat COVID-19 has not been conclusively demonstrated through rigorous, well-designed clinical trials.

Until more robust scientific evidence is available, the use of herbal teas or other supplements as a primary treatment for COVID-19 should be approached with caution. While they may play a supportive role in immune function, they cannot be considered a reliable or proven cure for the disease based on the current state of scientific knowledge.

Limitations of Current Evidence

It is important to note that the existing research on the potential benefits of herbal remedies and dietary supplements for COVID-19 is still limited and inconclusive. The claims about a specific herbal tea being able to "cure" COVID-19 in just 2 days far exceed the current scientific evidence and consensus.

Rigorous, well-designed clinical trials with large sample sizes and peer review are necessary to establish the safety and efficacy of any natural or herbal treatments for COVID-19. Until such robust evidence is available, the use of herbal teas or supplements as a primary treatment for the disease should be approached with caution.

Importance of Rigorous Scientific Evaluation

Lack of Evidence for Herbal Tea COVID-19 Cure Claim

Based on the provided data, I conclude that the claim that "a new study has found that drinking a special herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in just 2 days" lacks sufficient scientific evidence to be considered factual.

The key points that support this conclusion are:

  • Relevance Rating: 6 - The claim that a new study found a herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in 2 days is only moderately relevant, as the lack of details about the study's methodology, sample size, and peer review process means the credibility of the claim requires further scrutiny.
  • Factual Rating: 2 - The claim that a special herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in just 2 days is highly questionable, as it lacks strong scientific evidence. Extraordinary claims like this require rigorous, well-designed studies that have been thoroughly vetted by the scientific community before they can be considered factual.
  • Relevance Rating: 10 - The lack of an actual article or study report to reference undermines the claim, as it is impossible to evaluate the validity of the evidence without access to the original research.
  • Factual Rating: 10 - Without the underlying study details, there is no way to assess the scientific validity of the claim that a herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in 2 days, making the assertion highly questionable from a factual standpoint.
  • Relevance Rating: 9 - The content provided, which is a search page from ClinicalTrials.gov, does not contain any information about a study related to a herbal tea and COVID-19 cure, further undermining the claim.
  • Factual Rating: 10 - The lack of any details about a study supporting the herbal tea cure claim in the provided content directly contradicts the assertion, indicating a clear lack of scientific evidence.
  • Relevance Rating: 9 - The article's focus on general home care and symptom management, rather than any specific herbal tea treatment, also suggests a lack of scientific evidence for the herbal tea cure claim.
  • Factual Rating: 10 - The absence of any mention of a study or scientific evidence supporting the herbal tea cure claim in the article further undermines the factual accuracy of the assertion.
  • Relevance Rating: 9 - The statement that the data are insufficient to support recommendations for the use of any herbal or dietary supplement to treat COVID-19 directly contradicts the claim of a herbal tea cure.
  • Factual Rating: 10 - This statement aligns with the scientific consensus and guidance from reputable health organizations, further highlighting the lack of evidence for the herbal tea cure claim.

In conclusion, based on the provided data and analysis, the claim that a special herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in just 2 days lacks sufficient scientific evidence to be considered factual. The majority of the talking points and their ratings indicate that the claim is not supported by rigorous, peer-reviewed research, and that the available evidence suggests herbal tea is unlikely to be an effective treatment for COVID-19.

Need for Well-Designed Clinical Trials

The claim that a special herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in just 2 days is an extraordinary assertion that requires exceptionally strong and well-documented scientific evidence to be considered credible. However, the provided data clearly indicates a lack of such rigorous, peer-reviewed research to support this claim.

One of the key issues is the complete absence of details about the purported study that found the herbal tea cure. Without access to the actual study report, methodology, sample size, and peer review process, it is impossible to objectively evaluate the scientific validity of the research. Extraordinary claims require transparency and scrutiny from the scientific community, which is lacking in this case.

Furthermore, the guidance from reputable health authorities, such as the CDC and WHO, does not recommend the use of herbal teas or dietary supplements as a treatment for COVID-19. This contradicts the claim of a herbal tea cure and suggests that the current scientific evidence is insufficient to support such an assertion.

To substantiate the claim that a special herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in just 2 days, well-designed, large-scale clinical trials would be necessary. These trials would need to follow rigorous protocols, include control groups, and undergo peer review and publication in reputable, scientific journals. Without such robust, peer-reviewed evidence, the claim cannot be considered factual or scientifically supported.

In conclusion, the lack of access to the details of the purported study, the contradictory guidance from health authorities, and the absence of well-designed clinical trials demonstrating the efficacy of the herbal tea treatment all indicate that the claim of a 2-day COVID-19 cure lacks sufficient scientific evidence to be considered credible or factual.

Peer Review and Consensus Building

The claim that a special herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in just 2 days is an extraordinary assertion that requires exceptionally strong and well-documented scientific evidence to be considered credible. However, the provided data clearly indicates a lack of such rigorous, peer-reviewed research to support this claim.

One of the key issues is the complete absence of details about the purported study that found the herbal tea cure. Without access to the actual study report, methodology, sample size, and peer review process, it is impossible to objectively evaluate the scientific validity of the research. Extraordinary claims require transparency and scrutiny from the scientific community, which is lacking in this case.

Furthermore, the guidance from reputable health authorities, such as the CDC and WHO, does not recommend the use of herbal teas or dietary supplements as a treatment for COVID-19. This contradicts the claim of a herbal tea cure and suggests that the current scientific evidence is insufficient to support such an assertion.

To substantiate the claim that a special herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in just 2 days, well-designed, large-scale clinical trials would be necessary. These trials would need to follow rigorous protocols, include control groups, and undergo peer review and publication in reputable, scientific journals. Without such robust, peer-reviewed evidence, the claim cannot be considered factual or scientifically supported.

In conclusion, the lack of access to the details of the purported study, the contradictory guidance from health authorities, and the absence of well-designed clinical trials demonstrating the efficacy of the herbal tea treatment all indicate that the claim of a 2-day COVID-19 cure lacks sufficient scientific evidence to be considered credible or factual.

Caution Around Extraordinary Health Claims

The claim that "a new study has found that drinking a special herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in just 2 days" is an extraordinary assertion that requires exceptionally strong and well-documented scientific evidence to be considered credible. However, the provided data clearly indicates a lack of such rigorous, peer-reviewed research to support this claim.

One of the key issues is the complete absence of details about the purported study that found the herbal tea cure. Without access to the actual study report, methodology, sample size, and peer review process, it is impossible to objectively evaluate the scientific validity of the research. Extraordinary claims require transparency and scrutiny from the scientific community, which is lacking in this case.

Furthermore, the guidance from reputable health authorities, such as the CDC and WHO, does not recommend the use of herbal teas or dietary supplements as a treatment for COVID-19. This contradicts the claim of a herbal tea cure and suggests that the current scientific evidence is insufficient to support such an assertion.

To substantiate the claim that a special herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in just 2 days, well-designed, large-scale clinical trials would be necessary. These trials would need to follow rigorous protocols, include control groups, and undergo peer review and publication in reputable, scientific journals. Without such robust, peer-reviewed evidence, the claim cannot be considered factual or scientifically supported.

In conclusion, the lack of access to the details of the purported study, the contradictory guidance from health authorities, and the absence of well-designed clinical trials demonstrating the efficacy of the herbal tea treatment all indicate that the claim of a 2-day COVID-19 cure lacks sufficient scientific evidence to be considered credible or factual.

Recommended Approaches for COVID-19 Management

Lack of Evidence for Herbal Tea COVID-19 Cure Claim

Based on the provided data, it is clear that the claim that "a new study has found that drinking a special herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in just 2 days" lacks sufficient scientific evidence to be considered factual.

The key points that support this conclusion are:

  • Relevance Rating: 6 - The claim that a new study found a herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in 2 days is only moderately relevant, as the lack of details about the study's methodology, sample size, and peer review process means the credibility of the claim requires further scrutiny.
  • Factual Rating: 2 - The claim that a special herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in just 2 days is highly questionable, as it lacks strong scientific evidence. Extraordinary claims like this require rigorous, well-designed studies that have been thoroughly vetted by the scientific community before they can be considered factual.
  • Relevance Rating: 10 - The lack of an actual article or study report to reference undermines the claim, as it is impossible to evaluate the validity of the evidence without access to the original research.
  • Factual Rating: 10 - Without the underlying study details, there is no way to assess the scientific validity of the claim that a herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in 2 days, making the assertion highly questionable from a factual standpoint.

Instead, the available evidence and guidance from reputable health authorities suggest that the recommended approaches for COVID-19 management should focus on:

Standard Supportive Care and Symptom Relief

The article indicates that many people with COVID-19 can recover with rest, fluids, and treatment for their symptoms using over-the-counter medications like fever reducers and pain relievers. This aligns with the standard supportive care approach recommended by health authorities for mild to moderate COVID-19 cases.

Medication for High-Risk Individuals

For individuals at higher risk of serious COVID-19 illness, such as those aged 65 and older, babies younger than 6 months, and people with certain medical conditions, the recommended approach is to offer medication to prevent mild illness from getting worse, rather than relying on unproven herbal remedies.

Preventive Measures and Healthy Lifestyle

The article also emphasizes the importance of preventive measures, such as practicing good hygiene, wearing masks, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle, to support the immune system and reduce the risk of COVID-19 infection. These evidence-based approaches are recommended by health authorities as part of a comprehensive COVID-19 management strategy.

In conclusion, the available data and guidance from reputable sources indicate that the recommended approaches for COVID-19 management should focus on standard supportive care, medication for high-risk individuals, and preventive measures and healthy lifestyle choices, rather than unproven claims about herbal tea cures. The lack of scientific evidence supporting the herbal tea cure claim undermines its credibility and reliability as a treatment option.

Standard Supportive Care and Symptom Relief

The article indicates that many people with COVID-19 can recover with rest, fluids, and treatment for their symptoms using over-the-counter medications like fever reducers and pain relievers. This aligns with the standard supportive care approach recommended by health authorities for mild to moderate COVID-19 cases.

The article does not claim that any herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in 2 days. Instead, it focuses on providing guidance for caring for COVID-19 at home, including the use of over-the-counter medications to manage symptoms, when to seek emergency care, and how to prevent the spread of the virus. The absence of any mention of a herbal tea cure in the article suggests that such a claim lacks scientific evidence.

Furthermore, the article states that the data are insufficient to support recommendations for the use of any herbal or dietary supplement to prevent or treat COVID-19. This directly contradicts the claim that a special herbal tea can cure the disease in just 2 days, as it indicates that the current scientific consensus does not endorse the use of such remedies for COVID-19 treatment.

In conclusion, the article's focus on standard supportive care and over-the-counter medications, without any mention of a herbal tea cure, and the statement that the evidence is insufficient to recommend herbal supplements for COVID-19, suggest that the claim of a herbal tea cure lacks scientific backing and is not supported by the available evidence.

Medication for High-Risk Individuals

For individuals at higher risk of serious COVID-19 illness, such as those aged 65 and older, babies younger than 6 months, and people with certain medical conditions, the recommended approach is to offer medication to prevent mild illness from getting worse, rather than relying on unproven herbal remedies.

The article states that the data are insufficient to support recommendations for the use of any herbal or dietary supplement to prevent or treat COVID-19. This directly contradicts the claim that a special herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in just 2 days, as it indicates that the current scientific consensus does not endorse the use of such remedies for COVID-19 treatment.

Instead, the recommended approach for high-risk individuals is to provide them with medication to prevent their mild COVID-19 illness from progressing to more severe disease. This evidence-based guidance from health authorities further undermines the credibility of the herbal tea cure claim, as it suggests that established medical treatments, rather than unproven herbal remedies, are the recommended approach for managing COVID-19 in vulnerable populations.

In conclusion, the lack of scientific support for using herbal teas or dietary supplements to treat COVID-19, combined with the recommendation to provide medication for high-risk individuals, indicates that the claim of a herbal tea cure lacks sufficient evidence to be considered factual or reliable.

Preventive Measures and Healthy Lifestyle

The article also emphasizes the importance of preventive measures and a healthy lifestyle to support the immune system and reduce the risk of COVID-19 infection. These evidence-based approaches are recommended by health authorities as part of a comprehensive COVID-19 management strategy.

Specific preventive measures highlighted in the article include:

  • Good hygiene practices: Washing hands regularly, covering coughs and sneezes, and avoiding touching the face can help prevent the spread of the virus.
  • Wearing masks: Wearing face coverings in public settings can help reduce the transmission of COVID-19.
  • Maintaining a healthy lifestyle: Getting enough rest, staying hydrated, and eating a balanced diet can help support the immune system and resilience against COVID-19.

The article does not mention any herbal teas or dietary supplements as a means of preventing or treating COVID-19. Instead, it focuses on these evidence-based preventive measures and healthy lifestyle choices as part of a comprehensive approach to managing the disease.

This emphasis on standard preventive measures and healthy living, rather than unproven herbal remedies, further underscores the lack of scientific evidence supporting the claim that a special herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in just 2 days. The recommended approaches outlined in the article are grounded in scientific consensus and public health guidance, in contrast to the extraordinary claim about a herbal tea cure.

Conclusion: Lack of Evidence for Herbal Tea Cure Claim

Based on the provided data, I conclude that the claim that "a new study has found that drinking a special herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in just 2 days" lacks sufficient scientific evidence to be considered factual.

The key points that support this conclusion are:

  • Relevance Rating: 6 - The claim that a new study found a herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in 2 days is only moderately relevant, as the lack of details about the study's methodology, sample size, and peer review process means the credibility of the claim requires further scrutiny.
  • Factual Rating: 2 - The claim that a special herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in just 2 days is highly questionable, as it lacks strong scientific evidence. Extraordinary claims like this require rigorous, well-designed studies that have been thoroughly vetted by the scientific community before they can be considered factual.
  • Relevance Rating: 10 - The lack of an actual article or study report to reference undermines the claim, as it is impossible to evaluate the validity of the evidence without access to the original research.
  • Factual Rating: 10 - Without the underlying study details, there is no way to assess the scientific validity of the claim that a herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in 2 days, making the assertion highly questionable from a factual standpoint.
  • Relevance Rating: 9 - The content provided, which is a search page from ClinicalTrials.gov, does not contain any information about a study related to a herbal tea and COVID-19 cure, further undermining the claim.
  • Factual Rating: 10 - The lack of any details about a study supporting the herbal tea cure claim in the provided content directly contradicts the assertion, indicating a clear lack of scientific evidence.
  • Relevance Rating: 9 - The article's focus on general home care and symptom management, rather than any specific herbal tea treatment, also suggests a lack of scientific evidence for the herbal tea cure claim.
  • Factual Rating: 10 - The absence of any mention of a study or scientific evidence supporting the herbal tea cure claim in the article further undermines the factual accuracy of the assertion.
  • Relevance Rating: 9 - The statement that the data are insufficient to support recommendations for the use of any herbal or dietary supplement to treat COVID-19 directly contradicts the claim of a herbal tea cure.
  • Factual Rating: 10 - This statement aligns with the scientific consensus and guidance from reputable health organizations, further highlighting the lack of evidence for the herbal tea cure claim.

In conclusion, based on the provided data and analysis, the claim that a special herbal tea can cure COVID-19 in just 2 days lacks sufficient scientific evidence to be considered factual. The majority of the talking points and their ratings indicate that the claim is not supported by rigorous, peer-reviewed research, and that the available evidence suggests herbal tea is unlikely to be an effective treatment for COVID-19.